EUROMEDICA  Hanover 29-30  Mai 2006	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

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The actual aspect of pharmacognostic investigation is relationships between chemical and pharmacological properties of biologically active compounds of medicinal plants.

The flavonoids are the well-known biologically active compounds of the medicinal plants which are used as antioxidative, hepatoprotective, nootropic, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, spasmolytic, diuretic preparations. So, phytopreparations on the basis of rutin (Sophora japonica L.), hyperoside (Hypericum perforatum L.), datiscin (Datisca cannabina L.), ginkgetin (Ginkgo biloba L.), diosmin (Citrus limon Burm.), silybin (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., dihydroquercetin (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) are wide used in medical practice.

In the course of our investigations there were studied the possibilities of the use of the flavonoids for purpose of the standardization of Hypericum perforatum L. herbs and Artemisia dracunculus L. herbs. Neurotropic activity of phytopreparations also were studied.

Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John’s wort) is well-known plant in medicine. Hypericum perforatum herbs is used as antibacterial, antiinflammatory, regenerative and photosensitizing pharmaceuticals. In some countries St. John’s wort is used in the treatment of depression. Various scientists explain the pharmacological effects on the central nervous system by the influence of different biologically active compounds: flavonoids (rutin), anthracene derivatives (hypericin, pseudohypericin), floroglucinols (hyperforin).

From Hypericum perforatum herbs the dominant flavonoids (rutin and hyperoside) and also chlorogenic acid and hyperforin there were isolated. There work out the methodics of qualitative analysis of Hypericum perforatum herbs and preparations by means of TLC. There was motivated the expediency of the use of standard samples of hyperoside and rutin for purpose of the standardization.

Artemisia dracunculus L. (estragon, linear-leaved wormwood) is perennial herbaceous plant. It is known, that the Artemisia dracunculus L. herbs contain the flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, coumarins and isocoumarins.

The qualitative analysis of this plant and their preparation (tincture) was performed by the method of TLC–analysis. This method is based on detection of two dominant flavonoids - estragonoside and pinocembrin which are characteristic for this plant. During the study we have isolated the following flavonoids - estragonoside, tarkhunoside, naringenin, pinocembrin, annagenin, phenylpropanoids – methyleugenol, cichoric acid and phenylcarbonic acid – ρ-hydrobenzoic acid. Chemical elucidation of isolated compounds was determined by means of UV-, ¹H-NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and several chemical transformations (acetylation, methylation, enzymatic and acid hydrolysis). Seven identified substances were isolated from estragon for the first time, estragonoside, tarkhunoside, annagenin being to the new natural compounds.

Investigation of mooving active and studing behaviour of animals were found that tincture of Artemisia dracunculus L. herbs influence on the increasing of vertical activity, tincture of Hypericum perforatum L. herbs cause the increasing of studing activity. Amoung number of the phytopreparations containing the flavonoids the greatest antidepressive activity in tincture of Hypericum perforatum L. herbs was founded. The neurotropic activities (antihypnogenic, nootropic properties) of tincture from Artemisia dracunculus L. herbs, tincture of Hypericum perforatum L. herbs were determined by means of the animal experiments. There was shown that the hyperoside causes the neurotropic activity of preparations from Hypericum perforatum L. drugs.

Therefore, the flavonoids make an important contribution to total effectiveness of studied medicinal plants.