EUROMEDICA  Hanover 29-30  Mai 2006	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) still remains one of the most serious medical-social problems of the world health care. The therapy of diabetes in spite of a certain success faces new challenges. Nowadays there are actual attempts to modify the diet therapy of type 2 diabetes.

The objective of the present work is an investigation and evaluation of the clinical efficiency of diet therapy of type 2 DM with introduction into the diet of sunflower oil manufactured with the method of cold pressing. To achieve the objective changes of the clinical picture in the patients with type 2 diabetes were studied. The impact of sunflower oil on carbohydrate and lipid exchanges and the data of the homeostasis, dynamics of immunogramm data was also estimated. Administration of the sunflower oil was carried out on the background of the regular diabetes therapy: (diet Nr 9 of the Institute for Nutrition RAMN) and the therapy with peroral sugar-reducing medications (diabethon MR, Maninil, Siofor). 37 diabetes patients aged 40-70 years suffering from type 2 diabetes with a 2-8 year record of the disease took part in the survey. The main group comprised 11 patients; the control group represented 26 people. The in-patients of the main group received additionally to the conventional therapy cold pressed sunflower oil in the amount of 10 ml (a dessert spoon) daily, during 10 days, before food intake starting after 2-4 days of their hospital stay. In the patients of the both groups general clinical data and the levels of carbohydrate and lipid exchange, homeostasis and immunogramm before and after the treatment were examined. Clinical examination consisted of a conversation, examination, physical check, monitoring of the condition dynamics during the treatment, clinical analysis of blood and urin. Biochemical analyses were aimed at determination of glycemic status, total cholesterol, LDLC, HDL-C, triglyceride level, the atherogenic index, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, the prothrombin index and glycated haemoglobin. Regarding immunological data with the help of monoclonal antibodies Т-cells, Т-helpers, T-suppressors and В-lymphocytes were defined as well as immunoglobulin of the classes A, M, G and main properties of fagocytosis.

As the results of the investigation it was stated that in the patients with the type 2 diabetes manifested disorders were revealed not only in the carbohydrate exchange but also in the lipid exchange. Practically in all the patients an increase of cholesterine level on the background of decreased HDL-C and accelerating of LDLC with the growth of the blood serum atherogenic index were registered. The patients of the both groups showed significant changes in blood coagulability displayed through hypercoagulation. The properties of the immune status were characterized with a noticeable imbalance between different chains of the immune system. Among the patients dominated the disturbances of the humoral resistance and fagocytosis on the background of a moderate secondary immune deficiency of the T-chain immunity. There was no case of sunflower oil intolerance during the whole period of the study as well as dyspepsia, allergic reactions and other side-effects. Besides, it facilitated a moderate normalization of the lipid and to some extent the carbohydrate exchange.

Therefore, cold pressed sunflower oil can be recommended for diet therapy in type 2 diabetes.