EUROMEDICA  Hanover 1-2  Juni 2007	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

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The structural functional abnormalities in white rats livers under the condition of chronic chloride cadmium poisoning and the following targan-sorbent correction had been analyzed. The examinations were taken in 1,7,14 and 21 days after the poisoning. The test showed that the parenchymatous and sinusoidal cells were exposed to the changes. At the earlier stages of the intoxication the evolution of the hepatocytes’ dystrophic changes was observed in the form of the cytoplasm vacuolization, cells swollen, excessed lippid accumulation and some cells distractions. The degree of cytoplasm density in hepatocytes varied, but most of them had a brightened cytoplasm. Together with hepatocytes, that have weak basofyle cytoplasm and rounded nuclears, there were cells with vacuolised cytoplasm. It had the signs of parenchimal distrophy wich is a characteristic of protein disturb and the signs of fat distrophy that occurs, as a rule under intoxications and followed by circulation of blood and lymphokinesis. In some hepatocytes the nuclears were picnoticaly changed. Though the common liver structure remained, in triad area, the necrotic modified hepatocytes were encountered with cariolisys. Infiltration of parenchyma by lymphocitas and a significant sinusoids widening was fixed.

Morphometrically determined that chronic poisoning by chlorous cadmium the volume density of hepatocytes cytoplasm decreased and on the first day after poisoning was 79,7±1,24% by the norm 82,9±1,56. Then there was a gradual restoration, but it did not reach a standart quantity: on the 21 day after poisoning it was 80,8±0,62%. The volume density of hepatocytes nuclears vice versa increased and on the 7, 14 days after poisoning 7,4±0,16 by the norm 6,31±0,64%. On the 21 day after poisoning it increased 7,2±0,15%. The number of hepatocytes in the test area decreased till 15,4±0,22% by the 1^st and 7 days after poisoning by the norm 18,3±0,43%. Even on the 21 day of restoration after poisoning the number of hepatocytes did not reach a standart quantity 16,8±0,42%. The number of double nuclear hepatocytes also decreased 0,8±0,07% by the 1^st and 7 days of restoration by the norm 7,3±0,19%. Sinusoids widened and their density almost twice increased on the first day 9,2±0,14% by the norm 5,7±0,66%. Even on the 21 day the quantity was high 8,2±0,18%. But the histological treatment determined that the average quantities can be received on account of alternates of widened sinusoid capillary areas with ischemic spasm capillaries. That testifies that the toxicant effect brings to microcirculartory disturb, that is proved by the widened blood capillary, unsteadiness of the vascular, perivascular swelling, plasmoragia and their removal to paravasal tissue. Reaction of animals on tagan-sorbent gave better results and on 21 day many of the above mentioned figures had lead to the norms.

Ultrastructural analyses showed that toxic effect of chlorous cadmium was of membraneous character. Damages in the structural organization of nuclear system, intracellular organelles, intercellular contacts, spatial configuration of exchange poles of microvillus and bile capillary happened. Those injuries promoted the microcirculation changes and testified about the damages in liver circulation of the blood and lymphokinesis. The signs of structural injury of protein synthesis system were determined in the hepatocyte cytoplasm: vesicular expanded sites without any ribosome appeared in the channels of the granular endoplasmic reticulum. The signs of energy supply inadequacy were observed on hepatocytes that were verified by the changing of the mitochondrion density, reduction and vesicular widening in cristas. These changes were developing on the basis of lipid and glycogen accumulation that testified the basic power disbalance. On the 21^st day the structural changes decreased, but the sinusoids remained in widen shape. The correction by the tagan-sorbent gave the positive influence on the liver structural organization under the condition of the chloride cadmium poisoning and essentially decreased all dystrophic changes. Tagan-sorbent stimulated the developing of the reconstructing processes due to toxic metabolites’ neutralization and removing.