| A.K. Zhaksilikova |
ENDOECOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL
VIOLATIONS OF LIVER LYMPHATIC REGION UNDER THE CHRONIC CADMIUM CHLORIDE
EXOTOXICOSIS |
| Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
|
Experimental model of poisoning was based on two groups of white rats, for whom
every day, over 2.5 months in the standard diet cadmium chloride was added at
dose of 1.5 mg and 3 mg / kg. Each group of animals was divided into two subgroups:
the first one was kept on a standard diet, the second subgroup of animals
was given Tagan-sorbent which had been added to their daily allowance at the
rate of 1 g per kg of body weight for 30 days. Animals were decapitated through
1,7,14,21 night, after the end of the experiment. The structural and functional
changes in the lymph region in liver under the chronic cadmium chloride exotoxicosis
and subsequent rehabilitation of endoecological violations by Tagan-sorbent
were studied. Chronic cadmium intoxication caused the development of dystrophic
changes in hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolation, edema cells, destruction of individual
cells. There was a significant sinusoid expansion. There were irregularities
in the structure of nuclear apparatus cells, intracellular organelles, intercellular
contacts, exchange of spatial configuration of microvillus poles and biliary
capillaries that foster microcirculatory changes. In the cytoplasm of hepatocytes
the signs of the disturbance of protein synthetic structure were determined:
in the channels of granular endoplasmic reticulum the expanded deprived of genomes
sites appeared. The number of ribosomes and liposomes was decreasing. The signs
of insufficient energy cells were seen, as evidenced by changing the density
of mitochondria, and the reduction and bubble form extensions of cristas. These
changes have been developed against the background of reducing the level of
glycogen and the excessive accumulation of lipidic inclusions. The correction
by Tagan-sorbent had a positive impact on morphofunctional status of liver under
the chronic exotoxicosis by cadmium chloride, significantly reducing the
violations. On the 7th day after the poisoning, in the structure of liver cells
of animals receiving Tagan-sorbet, there were positive signs as the lower of
GER expanded channels, the increasing number of ribosomes and polisomes, what
proved the mitigation of protein synthetic dysfunction in liver cells. The violation
of balance of the basic energy substrates (glycogen and lipid) in hepatocytes
also declined significantly. By the 21
st day the values of
all these structures were approaching to the control level. Chronic exotoxicosis
caused the development of the liver lymph nodes edema, reducing the squares
of sinuses, increasing the volumes of the cerebral and cortex substances. At
the expense of development of nodes parenchyma edema and sinuses clearance taper,
the drainage function was decreasing and leaking through knot lymph closely
contacted with the node parenchyma. The areas of secondary lymphoid nodules
significantly increased. Cellular shifts in all studied zones of a liver
lymph node were characterized by the decreasing in the number of small and medium-lymphocytes
and the reliable increasing in the number of large lymphocytes. This indicates
the development of immune morphological, proliferative reaction in lymphoid
tissues in response to the toxic effects. In cerebral tension and in the secondary
lymphoid nods the increase in plasmablasts, plasmacytes, macrophages, Mota cells,
degenerative cells was noted. The correction by the Tagansorbent had a positive
impact on the morphofunctional state of hepatic nodes with the cadmium chloride
poisoning, significantly reducing violations. Thus, in 7 days after the
poisoning, the positive development across the nodes was reviled, in contrast
to untreated animals. By the 21
st day of observation the areas of
all zones approached to a control values. The changes in the composition of
liver cell lymph node under the exotoxicosis, running on the background of the
Tagan-sorbent application had a well expressed rehabilitative nature.
