EUROMEDICA  Hanover 6-7  Juni 2008	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

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Nowadays many kinds of raw material have the standard documentation (SD) that does not correspond to modern requirements. The existing SD contains raw material standardization only on such indicators as a moisture, aches, the maintenance of impurity, but the methods of qualitative and quantitative definition of the basic groups of biologically active substances are absent, so it does not allow to estimate objective of the quality of raw material. Therefore we have carried out research for the purpose of system engineering of the estimation of quality of medicinal raw material.

The purpose of our research was working out techniques of standardization of medicinal raw material (Chamomilla, Salvia, Potentilla, Viola), with the subsequent inclusion in SD, and also working out SD.

For qualitative detection of biologically active substances in investigated species we used the method of chromatography in a thin layer of a sorbent. In our work plates “Silufol UV-254”, “Sorbfil” were used. As a result we developed the techniques of qualitative detection of biologically active substances, such as flavonoids in the herb of Violet threecoloured, Violet field, the flowers of Chamomile and tannin substances in the rhizomes of Tormentil.

The flavonoid substances are one of groups of active substances of flowers Chamomile, herb of a Violet, leaves of a Sage. For the quantitative estimation of the contents of the sum of flavonoids we used the differential spectrophotometric method based on the reaction of complex formation with aluminum chloride solution.

At selection of extracting agent it was found that the optimum solvent providing the maximum outcome of the sum of flavonoids from raw material for all species of plants is 70%-spirit ethyl. For the isolation of flavonoids extraction was attained till equilibrium.

It was established that the maximum yield of flavonoids is reached in 45 minutes for the Violet herb, the flowers of Chamomile, the Sage leaves.

The sum definition of flavonoids was conducted to areas of 395-425 nanometers which is removed for enouph from the spectrum of absorption of accompanying phenolic and other organic substances that are contained in extracts of raw material. As a part of flavonoids in the studied plants the derivates of quercetin, kaempferol as mono- and biosids are contained, therefore as the standard sample we used the samples of rutin, cynaroside.

For the standardization of the rhizomes of Tormentil the technique of quantitative definition of the sum of tannins was developed; it is based on the ability of sedimentation of tannins by salts of heavy metals. The definition of optimum conditions of tannin extraction has shown that optimum solvent is 40-50% spirit ethyl, the balance of concentration of the sum of tannins in a solution occurs in 45 minutes at the ratio of raw material and solvent 2:250.

For the quantitative definition of water-soluble polysaccharides in the Violet herb, the Chamomile flowers the gravimetrical method was used based on the extraction of the sum of polysaccharides from raw material by water with their subsequent sedimentation by 96%- spirit ethyl. We studied the stages of the extraction of the sum of polysaccharides and the sedimentation conditions.

It has been established that the maximum extraction is reached at the degree of crushing 1-2 mm, using 2-4-times extraction by water, the ratio of raw material-to water 1:10 and sedimentation of polysaccharides by 4-fold quantity of 96%-spirit ethyl. Our research has allowed us to define the optimum conditions of extraction and sedimentation of water-soluble polysaccharide complexes.

Thus, on this basic of the conducted research the techniques of qualitative detection and quantitative definition of the basic group of biologically active substances which are included in modern SD were developed.