EUROMEDICA  Hanover 23-24  Mai 2011	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover

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Framework: A healthy and well-being of managers is very important but not enough known problem. A literature analysis discoveries: a work situation of leaders and managers isn’t favorable. It may be connected with psychological unhealthy and well-being of them. The men and women are influenced by different factors: gender and cultural stereotypes, which reject a female leadership, and society pressure, which demands a successful male leadership. The signs of unfavorable women-leaders’ well-being are: a fear of success, an androgyne personality treats, a tendency to copy a male leadership behavior, a token role (not dominant), the subordinates’ disapproval. The unfavorable man-leader’ well-being is studied worse than a woman’ one.

Aim: An investigation gender and cultural differences of leader’ and manager’ psychological healthy and well-being.

Results: 300 Subjects (non-leaders, student leaders, university’s managers, 150 women and 150 men, 150 Russian and 150 Kazakh, age 17-70 years old) were investigated by some methods: MMPI, Cattell, Lusher, TAT, interview. Mathematic methods: Student’ t-criteria, factor analysis.

Gender differences: 1) a leader’, a man-leader’ and a woman-leader’ factor personality structure included an emotional non-well-being as central factor; 2) women had worse scores of psychological healthy and wellbeing than the men (hypochondria, hypomania, anxiety, fear of success, marriage failure, a leadership role made personal and work situation worse and wasn’t approved by boy-friends) or better ones (depression, hysteria, schizophrenia, rejection of psychological norm); 3) the leaders and managers of both sexes had more problems of psychological unhealthy and well-being (as compared with non-leaders).

Culture differences: 1) Kazakh women had worse scores of psychological healthy and well-being than Russian women (hypochondria, depression, paranoia, schizophrenia, fear of power) or better ones (they were born in a town or in a country, in a full family and had more siblings); 2) Kazakh men had worse scores of psychological healthy and well-being than Russian men (anxiety, psyhasthenia, depression, fear of power, sexual deviation, they were praised by supervisors seldom) or better ones (they were bring up in a full family and had more siblings); 3)

Kazakh women had worse scores of psychological healthy and well-being than Russian men (hypochondria, hypomania, anxiety, fear of success, fear of power, fear of affiliation, a strive to energy waste) or better ones (depression, they were born in a town or in a country and had more siblings); 4) Russian women had worse scores of psychological healthy and well-being than Kazakh men (hypochondria, hypomania, marriage failure, they were born in a city and were bring up without siblings, they had worse relationship with their mother in teens, a leadership role made personal situation worse and wasn’t approved by boy-friends) or better ones (psyhasthenia, depression, schizophrenia, sexual deviation, diffidence).

Conclusion: A gender and a culture may be important factors influenced to leader’ and manager’ psychological healthy and well-being.

Implication: Professional success criteria, personality, behavior may be male and female. So the leaders and managers need a special psychological support, taking into account a gender and a culture. And we have to inform medical managers about this results and apply it in practice.