EUROMEDICA  Hanover 23-24  Mai 2011	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover

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Currently, Almaty refers to one of the most polluted and environmentally threatened cities in the world. This is facilitated by increasing from year to year a huge number of vehicles. It is assumed that every family has a 2 - 3 cars. Currently, the city recorded 600 - 750 000 units of vehicles and urban highways almost do not provide a normal car traffic. One of the major industrial hazards that affect the organism drivers are physical factors (noise, vibration, ultrasound, etc).

Exposed to noise may cause not only all sorts of physical illness but also mental health. The driver in the workplace subject to a double load of noise factor - the actual production of noise, which arises from the engine passenger vehicles and so-called urban noise, a large percentage of which is traffic noise from all other types of vehicles.

Studying diverse nature of the traffic noise - presents considerable difficulties because individual sensitivity to noise and the nature of reaction to noise exposure in humans are different. Noise prevents the work, disrupts sleep and prevents verbal communication, can damage hearing and cause other reactions of organism.

There is no doubt and the important role of noise as one of the factors contributing to decreased performance in real conditions and changes in the health of bus drivers. Remains controversial question of hygienic regulation of noise in the cockpit. It is quite clear that the noise must be normalized by taking into account its impact on the body of the driver together with other factors, especially with severe nervous - emotional stress. Permissible noise level in the cabin looking cars should be recognized 60 dBa. Denisov E.E and collaborators (1984) suggest the following specifications: passenger taxis and buses - 50 - 60 dBa, trucks and cars - 60 - 70 dBa; SUVs - 70 - 80 dBa. To eliminate the negative impact of noise on the organism drivers must be further study of problems of internal noise of passenger vehicles in an environmentally troubled city, which is the city of Almaty, in order to find the optimal parameters of this factor does not have an adverse effect on the organism.

In recent years there have been reports in the literature on the impact of other physical factor- infrasound on the drivers organism. The main sources of infrasound is the car itself. According to Shaypak E.Y (1981) in the cabs of trucks and buses at 2 - 16 Hz infrasound level is 107 - 113 dB, and 3.5 Hz, octave with steeply declining. Effect of typical vehicle levels of infrasound on the body manifests itself in the driver’s inhibitory effect on the central nervous, respiratory, endocrine and other systems on the state of which depends largely on its performance and hence safety. Therefore, the reduction of infrasound in the cab remains an urgent task in addressing the general problem of optimizing the working conditions of drivers of passenger vehicles.