EUROMEDICA  Hanover 23-24  Mai 2011	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover

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The term “Metabolic Syndrome” was introduced in the 90s. It mainly describes a morbid condition manifested as a group of metabolic disorders, including hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, low level of HDL-C and arterial hypertension. These disorders escalate and develop irreversibly in their final stage and provoke severe complications. So far Metabolic Syndrome has not been sufficiently researched as a comprehensive problem. There are no universally recognised diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches. Systemic disorders typical of Metabolic Syndrome are non-specific in character and it may only be defined as the combination of diseases like atherosclerosis, fatty hepatosis, insulin resistant diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension accompanied by abdominal obesity. In addition, researchers do not follow a systematic approach, which would enable them to create a model of this disease. Hence their findings can not be integrated into a consistent concept.

Publications report that Metabolic Syndrome is often accompanied by mental diseases. The best known disorders in this group are endogenous depression, dysthymia and deadaptation. Most of the studies indicate that metabolic disturbances are primarily caused by chronic stress, which provokes affective as well as metabolic disorders initialised through the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) system.

The results of studies covering patients with Metabolic Syndrome combined with mental disorders indicate that X Syndrome is in fact a psychosomatic problem. The predominant mental diseases affecting patients with metabolic disorders are depression and schizophrenia. The triggers of cascading metabolic changes are still not identified. There is no common viewpoint on the structure of mental pathology associated with metabolic disturbances. Neither has anyone answered the question about the primacy of metabolic disorders with regard to patients with schizophrenia, since there were just few patient surveys in this group.

Metabolic Syndrome presents a complicated problem due to its “multiplex” nature, which requires contemporary and comprehensive examination of patients as well as the united efforts of physicians, endocrinologists, cardiologists, neurologists and psychiatrists applying instrumental and laboratory methods. This will allow to define prevailing disorder mechanisms and change approaches to diagnostics and treatment.