EUROMEDICA  Hanover 23-24  Mai 2011	Advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylactics
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover

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Small anomalies of heart evolution (SAHE) mean changes of heart structure and arterial vessels which are not resulted in cardiac and vessel function abnormalities. Among the SAHE there are most frequently occurring and most well researched mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and anomalously located ventriculus cordias chords (ALCh), what in majority of cases, isn’t a contra-indication against sport exercises.

The aim of this work was to examine cordic morpho-functional peculiarities as well as indices of exercise performance of the young sportsmen suffering from SAHE.

We’ve examined 54 young sportsmen (swimmers): 33 boys and 29 girls aged 8-11 years with regular exercise 1-4 years. We’ve carried out thorough clinical and instrumental check up including standard cardiographic examination, echocardiography, test with physical exercise, examination by doctors-specialists in order to find out phenotypic characteristics and the attendant pathology, and by the evidence, Holter monitoring.

Small anomalies of heart evolution (SAHE) were clearly recognized for 63% of those examined. In the structure of SAHE there were: mitral valve prolapse (MVP) - 24%, anomalously located ventriculus cardiac chords (ALCh) - 16.7%, tricuspid valve prolapse (TVP) - 5.6%, Xiari net in the right atrium cavity - 1.9%, combination of MVP+TVP - 3.7%, MVP+ALCh - 7.4%, ALCh+rudimentary valve - 1.9%, MVP+dilation of Valsava sinuses - 1.9%.

Later on all the young sportsmen were divided into two groups: those with SAHE - 34 and those without SAHE - 20 persons. . Young sportsmen with SAHE much more often suffered from astigmatism, low level of myopia, accommodation cramp, chronic tonsillitis, nasal septum deviation; their electrocardiogram (EKG) showed atrial repolarization process abnormality (both in dormancy and against a background of physical activity), ventricular extrasystole. While carrying out tests against a background of physical activity (veloergometry) the sportsmen with SAHE demonstrated low indices of exercise performance. Besides, young sportsmen with SAHE were characterized by lower indices of ventriculus sinister myocardium mass which proves abnormality of cardiovascular system long duration adaptation for exercise stress.